Categories
Career Software development

Parents’ anxiety on AI and kids’ job prospects

Reading Time: 2 minutes

In the news:

150 job applications, rescinded offers: Computer science grads are struggling to find work | CNN Business 

Goodbye, $165,000 Tech Jobs. Student Coders Seek Work at Chipotle. – The New York Times (this one seems widely circulated)

A linkedIn post (thread, or rant 🙂

Also in the FB group –

https://www.facebook.com/groups/1506637529662997/search/?q=%20AI%20career

https://www.facebook.com/groups/GrownandFlownParents/permalink/4543960429264010

One story I heard at Rolla

Honeywell CEO (or maybe Allied Signal CEO, Allied Signal is now a subsidiary of Honeywell, AS was HQ’ed in Kansas City: he may only work for one company his whole career; while we (my generation, the gen X) may have 7 jobs throughout our career (I have 10 so far, I think – Minjie Xu | LinkedIn).

Also, this one – https://thestillwandering.substack.com/p/the-death-of-the-corporate-job?r=44469&utm_medium=ios&triedRedirect=true “The death of the corporate job”

I recorded a short 7 to 8 minutes video for this too – my journey – pivotal points? Choose career and during career. Here is the video – My colleague and engineering career journey  

Again from Linkedin

Since 2023, I have kept on testing AI capabilities, and in 2025, AI has become scary good.

I understand why some might be afraid of AI getting better and better. It’s understandable, yet not the right attitude. There’s a lot of upside in learning how to get the best out of all these powerful tools.

As a software developer, we are students for life. We’ve always needed to reinvent ourselves and learn better ways to do our job. Embracing AI is just business as usual.

That’s exactly why I got into IT in the first place. If I wanted a boring job, I’d have chosen a totally different field 20 years ago.

Po-Shen Loh

Po-Shen Loh interview on AI 🤖 at YT – The Only Trait for Success in the AI Era—How to Build It | Carnegie Mellon University Po-Shen Loh (the key is to find solutions for new problems, not the good old leetcode exercise which is basically a memorization of many popular algorithms and data structures in the big tech or computer science arena’s code base).

My comment or disclaimer: we cannot predict the future…

Categories
Business Career Software development

H-1B

Reading Time: 2 minutes

I received my H-1B visa about 25 years ago. I went directly from F-1 student visa to H-1B worker (without the OPT or Optional Practical Training) because I quit from the Ph.D program from my graduate school at the time. I was probably one of the first batch of the international graduate students took that route in my school. Do keep in mind the US job market and economy was in much better shape at the time (1999 and 2000) compared to now. The current job market is the worst job market I’ve seen in last 25 years.

I came across a thread re: H-1B on linkedIn re: this topic. I pasted the content below as not everyone has LinkedIn. You may find the discussion below the post interesting too.

========

I’m seeing a lot of takes about the new H1B $100,000 fee. What I rarely see is this issue framed from the perspective of the unemployed senior software engineer with 10–20+ years of experience who has been searching for months; or the recent CS graduate who can’t land their first job.

The reality is that the H1B program has been heavily used for cheap labor. When you count renewals, there are over 600,000 H1Bs in the U.S. Roughly two thirds (400,000) are in technology; and the vast majority of those are software engineers.

Multiple studies by the Center for Immigration Studies; a group that is generally pro immigrant; have found that H1B employees in technology earn about 30% less than domestic engineers. With around 1.2 million employed software engineers in the U.S., that means roughly one third of the field has been replaced by H1Bs over the past decade. This isn’t a case of “we can’t find enough domestic engineers.” This is “we’re going to replace our existing engineers with cheaper labor.”

The most glaring example came recently… Microsoft laid off thousands of employees and then applied for thousands of H1Bs to replace them.
So yes, the program is heavily abused. I’m not calling for it to be axed; the original purpose of H1B was to bring in the best and brightest to fill genuine gaps. That’s still important. But the way it’s being used today is a complete distortion of that purpose.

========

The US is obviously going through a lot of changes since the new administration took over in January 2025. But I didn’t expect things happened so fast: probably some other friends felt the same way too.

另: 我已经很久没有特别注意美国h-1b 签证的情况了,总的感觉是比我那时候更难弄。现在美国国内就业市场不好,移民和拿工作签证的非移民也就成了替罪羊。现在的新移民让我想起很多年之前,在上海上下班的时候坐公共汽车,售票员一般让大家往里面挤一挤,让下面的人多上来一些。但是对已经上了公共汽车的人来说,也就是美国公民和绿卡持有人,让新移民或工作签证人员上来(进来)意味着自己的活动空间变得更小,或者说自己的饼可能要分给别人。

其实在我看来,同是搬砖人,相煎何太急。当然问题是亿万富翁宁肯自己手上的饼都烂掉,也不肯跟大家分 🙂

我是在网上看到这一张图的,觉得蛮贴切
Categories
Career

养老公司

Reading Time: < 1 minute

我上过班的村里公司,分成养老公司和非养老公司。请注意:养老公司不等于你可以啥事也不做,或者他们从不裁员。养老公司的主要意思是那里基本上干多干少,干好干坏都差不多:所以我感觉适合混日子养老。

养老公司

大部分是村里公司,除了Autodesk (work from home) 和Union Pacific Railway (通过Unidev, 不推荐Unidev)

UGS, or Siemens Digital Industrial Software:我在美国的第一个雇主,后来被德国西门子收购的软件公司。

Autodesk:跟西门子工业软件部有点类似的软件公司,但规模更大。

下面两家我是Contractor (BTW,这里有我的一篇做 Contractor或employee 的文章)。

UnigroupUnion Pacific

接下来看我继续做我的employee。
Arch Resources: formerly Arch Coal


Enterprise Mobility (EM,formerly Enterprise Holdings Inc,or EHI), private owned by the Taylor family in St. Louis。村里一般叫Enterprise. Enterprise 我是二进宫:2013年做短期合同工,现在(从2021年夏天开始)迄今做employee。


Mercy Health: 2nd largest hospital in St. Louis area


Ascension Health: 2nd largest hospital chain in the USA, behind Kaiser Permanente

非养老公司

也就是可能会把你油水榨干的公司
Mastercard (万事达卡)

举个油水被榨干的具体例子:主要是 on-call 相关的。我有一些博客文章提到 on-call, 比如这个 Sleep – go to “Pager Support (On-call)”. 我记得有一个礼拜六晚上,是production deployment (release), 我是 lead biz op engineer, a fancier word for SRE, stands for Site Reliability Engineer, or production support engineer. 结果因为一个certificate 过期,找能生成 certificate 的人等了一晚上,到拂晓才弄到新的 cert, 完成 deployment. 一夜基本没睡。

在万事达卡公司,我大概有两年多在 on call rotation. 除了有时候真的有production issue, or product release, 或者说真的有事,或做事。On call 其实有两方面的额外压力:

1. 有时候手机 (Pager) 会在将要睡觉或在半夜里响起来,虽然多数时间是 false alarm, 但是因为我是一个睡眠比较敏感的人,一般来说,Pager 响起来我的睡眠就已经受到影响了。

2. 要时刻准备着 pager 会响起来。这对我的业余生活也会有影响。比如,如果我去游泳,我要把手机放在离游泳池不远的地方,以免错过这个 Pager 的短信。去朋友家,去商店,等我都要带着公司电脑,以防万一。

Some observations and thoughts

I found out the lesson via hard way, that at 养老公司, sometimes we encounter nice but extremely incompetent people: and that could mess up things and cause issues. I talked a bit here in my earlier blog post, under “Lesson learned“, if you are interested.

Last but not the least: 不管在哪里,养老或非养老公司,自己千万不要卷自己,老板不榨你油水,结果你把自己的油水榨榨干。你还别笑:这种傻事yours truly 也做过的😂

My point – try to spend as much time as possible with the people you like and doing the things you enjoy. Because life is short – even if one lives to 100 🙂

Categories
Career

Are LinkedIn job postings real?

Reading Time: < 1 minute

LinkedIn probably is the largest job postings website, at least in the USA, nowadays.

But sometimes it seems to me at least, the job postings there may not be real. For example, this one, Lead Software Engineer-R-252949 at Mastercard, and it appears is exactly the same as the newly reposted one Lead Software Engineer both have the same requisition number R-252949 at the MC Workday website.

Don’t know if it’s just the LinkedIn reposted automatically, or MC people reposted it on LinkedIn.

Categories
Career

Protected: Don’t work too hard (again)

Reading Time: 4 minutes

This content is password-protected. To view it, please enter the password below.

Categories
Career Software development

Imposter syndrome

Reading Time: 2 minutes

I recall in year 1999, probably in that fall, once I met a gentleman who is the founder and president of a small IT outsourcing shop based in Peoria, IL. He was coming to Rolla to interview students for potential positions at his company. His questions are more interesting, I vaguely recall both he and I attended pretty good engineering schools in India and China respectively, but we didn’t attend most prestigious engineering schools such as IIT or Tsinghua University. He asked: do you feel you are inferior to the Stanford graduates? I said no and he agreed. He emphasized this point a bit: and the usual external perception and internal confidence comes with a degree from a prestigious university.

I have seen this phenomenon many times over the years. For example, in the IT/software industry, many people didn’t have formal education in computer science or computer engineering, and some of them will feel they are imposters or feel they are not qualified or confident. In fact my wife will joke with me re: this a lot. My degree is in mechanical engineering. I recall that gentleman I mentioned above majored in ME in college too. But we don’t need to feel that way. Formal college education is nice. At the same time we can leverage what we learned in our formal education, some overlaps with computer science and engineering; plus we pick up or learn from work, in the end we can do our job well and gain new knowledge and experience too.

This is applicable to other fields too. For example, I noticed a girl who didn’t take the traditional route of a singer or musician, in the end got a master’s degree in composition and in my opinion did quite well in her music (and creator) career. She also joked she is 野路子。That’s also one reason I wrote this post. In my opinion everyone is 野路子 – even those who went through all the so-called formal training. Because in today’s day and age, one has to learn or pick up whatever needed and not necessarily taught at school. Improvise. Adapt. Somewhat like the improvisation in jazz. It’s not easy as I observe last year my old daughter was so nervous when she was told she needs to improvise on vibraphone in suburban jazz band concert. In the end she did okay.

PS:

I wrote the above fairly quickly in early morning, on my phone. I just realized that my better half (my wife), though sometimes she jokes that I am not Comp Sci major, has similar doubts about herself in terms of career. She is a quite shy and self-conscious person, so I won’t dig deep in it if I could.

Reference:

Is Impostor Syndrome Holding You Back From Living Your Best Life? (VeryWellMind)

Categories
Career

Monday is not my favorite day

Reading Time: 2 minutes

Originally written on Feb 15, 2005 (this a bit more than 20 years ago 🙂

Monday is not my favorite day. When I first started to working (on Oct. 2000), I was still taking 2 evening classes in my university. And one class (Computer Graphics using Java) was hold on Monday evening. At that time I was fairly new to programming, and I usually spent the whole weekend on the homework and then went to work on Monday.

Monday morning was our team (group) meeting, my boss is a good guy, but he is a bit abusive, and he always tried to pick on someone or some projects on his Monday staff meeting. When I first started, I happened to be on a project he paid a lot attention because it was a new product and had tight release schedule everything. So that’s another reason I hated Monday. I remember one morning he said another developer (Mr. M. in his 50s) and I wrote some shxx code and Mr. M. argued that we were not writing shxx code.

These days things are better because I no longer take Monday evening classes (when I took classes in community college later on, I tried to avoid Monday evening classes). So I did have my regular weekend. And I no longer have the Monday morning group meeting. I left the group, my former boss actually left the company (I missed him actually because under he bad temper he has a good heart and cares his people. Much better than some guys who smiles at you but stabs you in the back when chances arise (my Computer Graphics professor, he gave me the only “C” I have in my 3 years’ course work at Rolla). But I still don’t like Monday in particular because my brain does not work well that day, and now I have one on one with my current boss. He is a decent guy, but he also asks tough questions (he knows the stuff).

Categories
advice and tips Career finance Life Tips

Don’t work too hard, work smart

Reading Time: 2 minutes

My generation (so called Gen X in the USA, people born between from 1965 to 1980) was usually told to “work hard” when we grew up – I found this is true both in the China and in the USA. I think in addition to parents, quite a few teachers emphasized this too – for me personally my middle school teacher 周国夫老师 emphasized it quite a bit.

But over the years I realized this is not necessarily true or the best way to handle work. I recall my project lead at Unigraphics Solutions (UGS Corp.) said once on this topic:

Don’t just work hard, work smarter too. The latter is probably more important.

By that time, I was already over 30 years old.

About 20 years ago I recall my golf instructor (or should I call him coach? He is a pro btw) said: hold the club about 70% tight, don’t hold it 100% tight.

Maybe we should apply the same logic to school, study and work too? And investing in equities (stocks) and bonds as well?

My Zhenhai middle school exp: with all the craziness going on, we had some fun time such as the ad-hoc co-ed basketball – I remember it was during my math teacher and counselor Zhou Guofu 周国夫 老师 🙂

Btw, I recall my best teacher – Chen Bing (高一数学老师). I think he made me to appreciate the beauty of math 数学之美,and encouraged me to learn as much as practical, and participate the math competition. Again we don’t just work hard on it – because math competitions have problems outside of the normal textbooks. The most important here is be passionate about harder math problems – “working harder” won’t do much about it, btw.

We don’t know if we will die from overworking but why take chance” – probably said by Ronald Reagan (per Charlie Munger or Warren Buffett). Update: it seems Edgar Bergen talked about this first – “Hard work never killed anybody, but why take a chance?” — Edgar Bergen (source: reddit).

Last but not least, probably one of the hardest working place I worked

It seems that place is quite transactional(people mostly work for money). But I did gain some experience on production support and operation. Also communicate as precisely as possible. Once again: work smarter is more relevant there. In fact I worked pretty hard, and I was still laid off in early 2019 – and I knew the main reason of layoff – the managers didn’t like me 🙁

Btw, I don’t believe in pleasing everyone helps one’s job security, or pleasing every manager one has. At the same time, that place has a tradition of laying off about 5 to 10% people every year (usually at the beginning of a calendar year). And in early 2019 I was somewhat caught off guard, probably because I was getting somewhat complacent. But that’s okay, as I explained in the “layoffs” blog post: one door closes and another door will open. Also it gives me a new opportunity at a new place. So there is that.

Categories
Career Stocks

Interview story (a while ago)

Reading Time: 3 minutesOriginally written 2005-02-08

Holiday Inn Clinton

After I picked up the rental car (with GPS) at Newark airport, I was on the way to my destination. I took an exit on I-78 by accident, with the help from GPS I did get back to the road without problem. At about 9:40 PM I arrived the hotel. I could see the snow on the parking lot — it’s colder in NJ than in St. Louis. The hotel looks pretty nice, and the town reminds me of Rolla, a small mid-west town where I spent 3 years for study (1997-2000).

After dinner and shower I began to prepare my presentation for tomorrow (2/04/05). My bro told me run it 4-5 times before the actual presentation. I wrote down what I want to say for my slides. Besides work related stuff, I also put down some light side stuff: where I grow up, hobbies, things/places I experienced in the States. This is my first time to give presentation after I graduate from school in 2000. A bit nervous, but my experience in presenting research in car companies during school days did help a lot. I also ironed the shirt for the big day. Went to bed at 1 AM.

Interview

The presentation went very well, much better then I expected. The participants (mainly managers) were impressed. Then comes the harder part.

HR manager is a middle-aged lady who seems very sharp. She talked about the Chinese employee’s work ethic and China’s growth. She also asked about questions about working availability/eligibility, how I heard about the opportunity, and some other behavior type questions. I think it went OK.

Manager 1: this is the make-or-break time. Because he is going to be my boss if I get the position. I heard from HR manager he is a very aggressive person, and he moved around a few times inside the company to get his current position. He asked many technical questions (Qns), some of them I am not comfortable with. At one time I asked why I left my graduate school in China (not get the degree) and come to US. Why not come to US after getting the degree. This is a legimate Qn but I was annoyed by the way he went about the Qn. Finally I told me there is not an ideal way around this, because of visa and financial support issue. He asked if he regretted my decision at that time, I said no. I don’t know if I would be better off or worse off if I made another choice at the time, but I want to look forward. In retrospect, I think I would say there is always things to lose when you try to get something (trade off). This reminds me another Qn I was asked by an interviewer in another company: what I would be if I stay in the same company, and how to work towards to that position. I goofed on that one because I said it just takes time to become a senior engineer/project leader. I took a facility tour with him after the Qn session. General impression was good, the cafeteria and fitness room is much better than my current employer’s. I saw many Indian engineers, later on I learned from Product Mgr they are hired from India on H-1B. In retrospect, I think one reason he is asking tough Qns because he wanted to test my skills to handle the stress situations, which will be very common if I take the position.

Manager 2: he is my would-be-boss’ boss, he, Mgr 1 and I had a lunch together. They’ve all travelled to China on business. He tried to initiate the conversation and asked me a few common things, talked facilities in China. I really regretted with the big sandwich I ordered, but I tried to talk as much as I can. I think it went OK.

Manager 3: he is a product manager, and he seems like a nice guy. His team will rely on our system for new product development, so he wanted to make sure the system is up and running, and the data is not corrupt. He listed an instance that half-a-years’ product data get lost during data migration (from old system to new system). I don’t know if that eventually get resolved or not, but it seems like a common problem.

Ms. C and Mr. D (would-be direct reports): teleconference went not very well. Like Mgr 1, they also prepared a list of technical Qns for me to answer. I think I scored poorly (<50%). It looks like I’m the guy to solve their problems and headache. But again In retrospect, I think one reason they were asking tough Qns because he wanted to test my skills to handle the stress situations, which will be very common if I take the position.

Categories
advice and tips Career Economy

Software Engineer Job Market March 2025 and Some Job Search Tips

Reading Time: 5 minutes

The IT software engineer job market seems warmed up a little bit recently, from my observations. I am getting some emails from the recruiters, and they looked like real jobs or openings.

I think during the middle of last year (June 2024) I came across the software engineers job chart from (FRED) Software Development Job Postings on Indeed in the United States, and the chart could be a bit misleading because the start date is Feb 2020. Basically, we can say it just showed the dramatic increase of software engineer jobs and subsequent declining of job openings due to the pandemic over-hiring earlier, big tech big cuts following Elon’s huge cut at Twitter post his acquisition.

I believe this hiring boom and bust trend is similar for the related area such as quality assurance (testing engineers), localization and translation, platform and dev ops engineering, product development and project management and so on.

Indeed and LinkedIn

In recent years, I mainly use Indeed and LinkedIn for job search: for my last 2 jobs (Mastercard and Ascension) I found them mainly through Indeed.com. I remember the days (year 2010) when I found my job at local craigslist, those days are long gone. I found my current job in year 2021 through a recruiter btw – I know the recruiter (recruiting company) through previous engagement (year 2011), and we kept that relationship over the years 🙂

A note on LinkedIn, LinkedIn has DESTROYED the job market (in 2024). I tend to agree – because LinkedIn aggregates a lot of jobs nowadays, and for one job especially the remote job, it’s quite easy for the recruiter to received hundreds of resumes in a day or two. For example, this staff software engineer job at GE Healthcare, I saw “(posted) 23 hours ago · 62 people clicked apply” right now (03-25-2025, 2:17 pm central). So this is a real problem. And I don’t know how to get around it – unless you know the recruiter or hiring manager.

Typical process (St. Louis based dev jobs)

Phone screen, technical screen and manager interview. Offer or being ghosted, or if they are nice, they will send you the rejection email. Note in STL we don’t do the leetcode stuff which is common among Silicon Valley, Seatle or Austin based tech companies. They needed those quizzes to filter out candidates – in a way it’s like the Gaokao in China.

Interview

There are usually two types of questions: behavior and technical. For behavior sometimes you can go to glassdoor.com and see if there are any. I guess we can do similar for technical questions too – but at the same time I think it’s probably more unpredictable.

Whatever the question you receive, try to be calm. Over the years I have interviewed at places, in rare cases the interviewer will have some sort of undesirable attitude – for example, I recall once at Tomson Reuters in year 2009, the guy commented towards the end – you are not the most ignorant person coming in in terms of technical knowledge 🙁

Occasionally you will meet some super nice people too: people with decency and true empathy. Once in New Jersey, I was interviewing at Ingersoll-Rand office all day, one interviewer said, let’s make it informal, so he took me walk around the cafeteria. It was winter, and we didn’t go outside.

Don’t be defensive, as much as practical obviously. Once my big boss at current place, asked me: it seems your tenure is not too long in this and the place, note the implied question here – are you a job hopper (I talked about this topic here too). More on job hopping for practical purposes, there are data to back up that for many people, salary or compensation increase is from “job hopping” (Forbes). A few of my job changes (not hopping 🙂 confirmed this trend too.

Some other tips

Background check

Don’t lie on your resume. At the same time, don’t stress over the background check. Sometimes at some old-fashioned companies or out of date places they will ask a question such as “have you ever involuntarily lose your job”: I would say No regardless the situation. Or ignore those places if they are truly “out of date“. Because you may feel out of places when you join them.

Usually, background check is a part of the pre-employment process, and you would need to give two weeks’ notice at the current place. That’s also sometimes people have stress – what if anything goes wrong with background check?

My experience with this is: as long as you don’t break laws, etc., you should be fine. It seems to me the background checking companies are mostly providing a service anyway, and in the process making some money. I have done quite a few background checking in last 5 years or so. In fact I did three (or 4) background checking in this school year: depends on how you count it.

First: the volunteer background check for the school district I volunteer. They have two background checks: one requires fingerprint (and I assume some sort of FBI database lookup) Missouri Automated Criminal History System (MACHS); another one is for Missouri educator sort of check called FCSR, stands for Family Care Safety Registry, this can be done online exclusively.

For Uber: it’s done fairly quickly. Cannot find the background checking company from my email now.

For Lyft: it seems they used checkr.

For my current job, I did background check via clariti (now a part of DISA Screen). Btw, I noticed they had a security incident recently 🙁

Drug testing

This is required sometimes. Nowadays they usually only require urine sample. And you can go to a specimen collection place such as Quest Labs, or other special places such as occupational health clinics, etc. In the old days when I got my 1st job, I recall they will cut some of my hair for testing – those are more rigorous testing in my opinion. Anyway, don’t do illicit drugs, marijuana and/or cannabis included. I recall when I was working for coal mining companies: they even said the company can ask for urine sample anytime.

Reference check

It seems this is rarely done nowadays.

Microsoft Teams – multiple Microsoft office 365 accounts

I learned my lesson the hard way during real interview. I clicked on the Microsoft Teams link on the Chrome browser that I usually use. But I forgot that I recently used that browser for outlook (another email account, different email from the link I was clicking). And the Chrome browser gave me an error right away. So I copied the link, and open a new incognito window and pasted my link there, it prompt me with some new information. I was not sure what to do. So I opened Safari as I believe I haven’t used that browser for a while, and got information similar to the new Chrome incognito window (at least they are consistent), and I just clicked the link there and it worked.

Reference

(MarketWatch, Paywall) LinkedIn co-founder has known Elon Musk for years. Here’s what he says Americans don’t understand about the Tesla CEO.

(Yours Truly) FAQs on work: tenure, job hopping, purpose of work, and overtime